Windows ortamında Python geliştirme ve operasyon yönetimi için “çekirdek CLI komutları”

1. Python Ortam Kontrolü (Windows CLI)

Python sürüm kontrol

python --version
py --version
where python

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pip kontrol

pip --version
python -m pip --version

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pip güncelleme (kritik)

python -m pip install --upgrade pip

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2. Python Çalıştırma Mekanizması (Windows Standard)

Script çalıştırma

python app.py

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Py launcher ile sürüm seçme

py app.py
py -3.12 app.py
py -3.11 app.py

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Modül çalıştırma

python -m mymodule

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3. Sanal Ortam (venv) – Kurumsal Standart

Oluşturma

python -m venv venv

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Aktivasyon (PowerShell)

venv\Scripts\Activate.ps1

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Aktivasyon (CMD)

venv\Scripts\activate.bat

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Deaktivasyon

deactivate

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Sanal ortam kontrol

where python
where pip
pip list

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4. requirements.txt Yönetimi

Oluşturma

pip freeze > requirements.txt

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Kurulum

pip install -r requirements.txt

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Güncelleme

pip install --upgrade -r requirements.txt

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5. Paket Yönetimi (pip Core Set)

Paket yükleme

pip install requests

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Versiyon sabitleme

pip install requests==2.31.0

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Paket kaldırma

pip uninstall requests

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Listeleme

pip list

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Güncellenebilir paketler

pip list --outdated

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6. Windows .env Yönetimi (Konfigürasyon Standardı)

.env dosyası oluşturma

notepad .env

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Örnek içerik

DEBUG=True
API_KEY=123456
DB_URL=localhost

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Python tarafı (.env kullanımı)

pip install python-dotenv

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from dotenv import load_dotenv
import os

load_dotenv()

api_key = os.getenv("API_KEY")
print(api_key)

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7. Sistem Komutları ve Process Yönetimi

Process listeleme

tasklist

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Python process filtreleme

tasklist | findstr python

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Process sonlandırma

taskkill /PID 1234 /F

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Python process kill

taskkill /IM python.exe /F

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8. Dosya İşlemleri (CLI seviyesinde)

Dosya listesi

dir

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Klasör değiştirme

cd project

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Dosya silme

del file.txt

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Klasör silme

rmdir /S /Q folder

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9. Log ve Debug Yönetimi

Dosya log izleme (PowerShell)

Get-Content app.log -Wait

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Son satırlar

Get-Content app.log -Tail 100

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Filtreleme

Select-String "ERROR" app.log

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10. Uzaktan Erişim (Windows → SSH)

SSH bağlantı

ssh user@server_ip

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Dosya gönderme

scp app.py user@server_ip:C:\Users\user\

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Klasör gönderme

scp -r project user@server_ip:C:\Users\user\

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11. Uzaktan Python Çalıştırma

ssh user@server_ip "python app.py"

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12. Windows Service Olarak Python (Production)

Windows’ta Linux systemd yerine Windows Service / NSSM / Task Scheduler kullanılır.

NSSM (önerilen production yaklaşım)

nssm install MyPythonApp

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Parametre:

• Path: python.exe
• Args: C:\app\app.py

Service başlatma

nssm start MyPythonApp

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Durdurma

nssm stop MyPythonApp

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13. Task Scheduler (Zamanlama)

CLI üzerinden görev oluşturma

schtasks /create /tn "PythonJob" /tr "python C:\app\app.py" /sc daily /st 10:00

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Çalıştırma

schtasks /run /tn "PythonJob"

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Silme

schtasks /delete /tn "PythonJob" /f

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14. Network ve API Test

HTTP çağrısı

curl http://localhost:8000

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POST request

curl -X POST http://localhost:8000/api -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d "{\"key\":\"value\"}"

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15. Sistem İzleme Komutları

Disk

wmic logicaldisk get size,freespace,caption

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CPU / RAM

wmic cpu get loadpercentage
systeminfo

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16. Kritik Production Komut Seti (Özet)

python -m venv venv
venv\Scripts\activate
pip install -r requirements.txt
pip freeze > requirements.txt
python app.py
tasklist | findstr python
taskkill /IM python.exe /F
schtasks /create /tn "Job" /tr "python app.py" /sc daily /st 09:00

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Sonuç (Mimari Perspektif)

Windows Python operasyonları 4 ana katmanda düşünülmelidir:

1. Development Layer

• venv
• pip
• requirements.txt

2. Execution Layer

• python / py launcher
• process yönetimi

3. Scheduling Layer

• Task Scheduler
• batch automation

4. Production Layer

• NSSM / Windows Service
• SSH remote execution
• logging & monitoring